AMPATH Lab: Gi Gene Panel Test

Signs That You May Need a GI Cancer Gene Panel Test

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including cancers of the esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum, are a major health concern. While lifestyle and environmental factors contribute, genetics can also significantly increase a person's risk. Understanding your inherited predisposition is an important step in proactive healthcare. A GI cancer gene panel test can reveal crucial information about your genetic risk and help you make informed health decisions.

What is a GI Cancer Gene Panel Test?

A GI cancer gene panel test analyzes multiple genes at once, all of which are associated with higher risks of developing gastrointestinal cancers. Rather than testing a single gene, this comprehensive approach checks for mutations linked to hereditary GI cancer syndromes.

The test is usually performed using a blood or saliva sample. The results help determine whether a person carries inherited mutations that increase lifetime cancer risk. This information guides personalized screening and prevention strategies.

Signs You May Need a GI Cancer Gene Panel Test

Certain personal or family health patterns can indicate an inherited risk for GI cancers. If you notice any of the following signs, consider discussing genetic testing with your doctor or a genetic counselor.

1. Strong Family History of GI Cancers

Several relatives on the same side of the family with GI cancers (colon, stomach, pancreatic).
GI cancers appearing across multiple generations.
Relatives diagnosed with GI cancers before age 50.

2. Personal History of Early-Onset Cancer

Being diagnosed with a GI cancer before age 50 strongly suggests a possible hereditary cause. For example, colorectal cancer at age 40 should prompt consideration of genetic testing.

3. Multiple Cancer Diagnoses in One Individual

Developing more than one primary cancer is another sign of a possible inherited syndrome. This includes:

Two or more different GI cancers (e.g., colon and stomach cancer).
A GI cancer combined with another cancer type, such as uterine or ovarian cancer.

4. Specific Tumor Types or Patterns

Numerous polyps: Many colon polyps may indicate Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP).
Molecular tumor features: Tumors showing high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) may be linked to Lynch syndrome.

5. Known Genetic Mutation in the Family

If a close relative has already tested positive for a hereditary GI cancer gene mutation (e.g., APC, MLH1, BRCA2), you should be tested for the same mutation to understand your personal risk.

What to Do if You Recognize These Signs

If any of these signs sound familiar, speak with your healthcare provider. You may be referred to a genetic counselor who can:

Review your personal and family medical history
Explain the benefits and limitations of genetic testing
Help you understand test results and next steps

If a mutation is found, you and your doctor may consider:

Increased surveillance: Earlier and more frequent screenings, such as colonoscopies.
Risk-reducing medications: Certain drugs may help lower cancer risk.
Preventive surgery: In some high-risk cases, surgery may be an option.
Informing relatives: Family members may also be at risk and benefit from testing.

Conclusion

Understanding your genetic risk for GI cancers is a powerful step in preventive healthcare. A GI cancer gene panel test offers detailed insights into inherited risk and helps you take proactive measures to protect your health. If you have concerns about your personal or family history, speaking with your doctor about genetic testing is a wise and informed decision.